The SAS System                      23:01 Wednesday, February 9, 2005   1

                                                         The FREQ Procedure

                                                      Table of poured by lady

                                                poured     lady

                                                Frequency|
                                                Expected |
                                                Percent  |
                                                Row Pct  |
                                                Col Pct  |tea     |milk    |  Total
                                                ---------+--------+--------+
                                                tea      |      3 |      1 |      4
                                                         |      2 |      2 |
                                                         |  37.50 |  12.50 |  50.00
                                                         |  75.00 |  25.00 |
                                                         |  75.00 |  25.00 |
                                                ---------+--------+--------+
                                                milk     |      1 |      3 |      4
                                                         |      2 |      2 |
                                                         |  12.50 |  37.50 |  50.00
                                                         |  25.00 |  75.00 |
                                                         |  25.00 |  75.00 |
                                                ---------+--------+--------+
                                                Total           4        4        8
                                                            50.00    50.00   100.00


                                               Statistics for Table of poured by lady

                                       Statistic                     DF       Value      Prob
                                       ------------------------------------------------------
                                       Chi-Square                     1      2.0000    0.1573
                                       Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square    1      2.0930    0.1480
                                       Continuity Adj. Chi-Square     1      0.5000    0.4795
                                       Mantel-Haenszel Chi-Square     1      1.7500    0.1859
                                       Phi Coefficient                       0.5000          
                                       Contingency Coefficient               0.4472          
                                       Cramer's V                            0.5000          

                                   WARNING: 100% of the cells have expected counts less than 5. 
                                            (Asymptotic) Chi-Square may not be a valid test.


                                                      Pearson Chi-Square Test
                                                 ----------------------------------
                                                 Chi-Square                  2.0000
                                                 DF                               1
                                                 Asymptotic Pr >  ChiSq      0.1573
                                                 Exact      Pr >= ChiSq      0.4857


                                                           The SAS System                      23:01 Wednesday, February 9, 2005   2

                                                         The FREQ Procedure
 
                                               Statistics for Table of poured by lady

                                                  Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square Test
                                                 ----------------------------------
                                                 Chi-Square                  2.0930
                                                 DF                               1
                                                 Asymptotic Pr >  ChiSq      0.1480
                                                 Exact      Pr >= ChiSq      0.4857


                                                  Mantel-Haenszel Chi-Square Test
                                                 ----------------------------------
                                                 Chi-Square                  1.7500
                                                 DF                               1
                                                 Asymptotic Pr >  ChiSq      0.1859
                                                 Exact      Pr >= ChiSq      0.4857


                                                        Fisher's Exact Test
                                                 ----------------------------------
                                                 Cell (1,1) Frequency (F)         3
                                                 Left-sided Pr <= F          0.9857
                                                 Right-sided Pr >= F         0.2429
                                                                                   
                                                 Table Probability (P)       0.2286
                                                 Two-sided Pr <= P           0.4857


                                                      Column 1 Risk Estimates
 
                                                                 (Asymptotic) 95%         (Exact) 95%
                                             Risk        ASE     Confidence Limits     Confidence Limits
                           -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Row 1           0.7500     0.2165     0.3257     1.0000     0.1941     0.9937
                           Row 2           0.2500     0.2165     0.0000     0.6743     0.0063     0.8059
                           Total           0.5000     0.1768     0.1535     0.8465     0.1570     0.8430

                           Difference      0.5000     0.3062    -0.1001     1.0000                      

                                                   Difference is (Row 1 - Row 2)


                                                      Column 2 Risk Estimates
 
                                                                 (Asymptotic) 95%         (Exact) 95%
                                             Risk        ASE     Confidence Limits     Confidence Limits
                           -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Row 1           0.2500     0.2165     0.0000     0.6743     0.0063     0.8059
                           Row 2           0.7500     0.2165     0.3257     1.0000     0.1941     0.9937
                           Total           0.5000     0.1768     0.1535     0.8465     0.1570     0.8430

                           Difference     -0.5000     0.3062    -1.0000     0.1001                      

                                                   Difference is (Row 1 - Row 2)
                                                           The SAS System                      23:01 Wednesday, February 9, 2005   3

                                                         The FREQ Procedure
 
                                               Statistics for Table of poured by lady

                                            Estimates of the Relative Risk (Row1/Row2)
 
                                 Type of Study                   Value       95% Confidence Limits
                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------
                                 Case-Control (Odds Ratio)      9.0000        0.3666      220.9270
                                 Cohort (Col1 Risk)             3.0000        0.5013       17.9539
                                 Cohort (Col2 Risk)             0.3333        0.0557        1.9949


                                                  Odds Ratio (Case-Control Study)
                                                -----------------------------------
                                                Odds Ratio                   9.0000
                                                                                   
                                                Asymptotic Conf Limits             
                                                95% Lower Conf Limit         0.3666
                                                95% Upper Conf Limit       220.9270
                                                                                   
                                                Exact Conf Limits                  
                                                95% Lower Conf Limit         0.2117
                                                95% Upper Conf Limit       626.2435

                                                          Sample Size = 8