Investigators should report trial results completely and in a timely manner. Registration of trials on clinicaltrials.gov and publishing associated results online can reduce publication bias, the bias resulting from journals favoring studies with significant results. Publish or find mechanisms to disseminate results effectively.

'Ghost authorship' occurs when people writing a paper are not fully disclosed (i.e. draft written by contract writer) or when authors are included who did not actually participate in the research project (for example, an influential name). Journals combat such deception by asking authors to specify the contribution of each person listed as an author.