5.6 - Lesson 5 Summary

Objectives

Upon completion of this lesson, you should be able to:

  • Identify and write null and alternative hypotheses.
  • Describe randomization procedures.
  • Determine p-values using randomization methods in StatKey and Minitab.
  • Interpret p-values.
  • Make conclusions on the basis of a p-value.

Let's review the randomization test procedures that you learned in this lesson:

  1. Determine what type of test you need to conduct and write the hypotheses
  2. Construct a randomization distribution under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true
  3. Use the randomization distribution to find the p-value
  4. Decide if you should reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis (see below)
  5. State a real-world conclusion in relation to the original research question

If \(p>\alpha\) then we fail to reject the null hypothesis and there is not enough evidence to support the alternative hypothesis. These results are said to be not statistically significant. If \(p \le \alpha\) then we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is enough evidence to support the alternative hypothesis. These results are statistically significant. Unless otherwise stated, \(\alpha\) of 0.05 should be used. 

We will be using these same hypothesis testing steps in all of the remaining lessons.